With the holidays rapidly approaching, many of us will be visiting our parents who may live across the country or on the other side of the world. You may see signs of declining mental or physical health in your parents. You might not be sure if your parents need help, but you suspect that something is not right. How can you tell whether the changes are simply a part of aging or if they’re a sign of something more serious?
While you care about and love your parents, it’s difficult to be objective about them when you live so far away, and you see them so infrequently during the year. For this reason, I have developed these questions that act as a guideline for the adult children when visiting with their parents. It may highlight some red flags that suggest in areas that you can follow-up with at a later time. I only wish that I had such a questionnaire when my parents’ health was declining.
Keep these areas in mind when you observe and interact with your parents. Don’t make a big production of it. Take notes later when you have some quiet, private time. You will likely have to complete one questionnaire for each parent.
If the Questionnaire is too long, complete it in sections and/or on different visits.
Questionnaire: Detecting Clues about the Current Well-Being of Your Parents
Body
Has your parent…
Experienced noticeable weight loss/gain?
Are their clothes baggy or too tight?
Has there been a significant weight loss or weight gain since your last visit?
Does the parent remember to eat or forget to eat?
Does the parent drink enough water on a daily basis?
Grooming
Does the parent perform the following grooming duties on daily/regular basis:
Bathe and shower without assistance; knows how to regulate hot and cold water?
Shave?
Have a strange body odor?
Use deodorant?
Brush teeth; how frequently?
Floss teeth; how frequently?
Wash face?
Dress self?
Wear clean clothes; knows how to use the washer and dryer and wash clothes?
Shampoo hair; comb and brush hair?
Get hair cut and styled?
Apply appropriate makeup?
Medical/Dental
Make medical appointments and arrange for transportation to/from appointment?
Make dental appointments and arrange transportation to/from appointment?
Wear dentures if applicable?
Wear hearing aids, if applicable?
Wears eye glasses, if applicable?
Orders and organizes medications and puts it into pill container for the week and month?
Take medications on a timely basis?
How many times has your parent been hospitalized during the past year?
Does your parent have difficulty managing the activities of daily living?
House
Attempts to clean house but doesn’t seem to make any headway?
House looks tidy or messy most of the time?
Drastic change in housekeeping standards (from high standards to low or from low standards to high)?
Knows how to use the phone to make local and long-distance calls on the land line and cell phone?
Knows how to charge the cell phone?
Knows how to use the voice mail to leave a message and retrieve a voice message?
Uses the computer for emails, text messages, and sending photos?
Does your parent exhibit hoarding behavior?
Do piles, boxes and clutter make it difficult to maneuver throughout the house?
Could the parent quickly exit the house in case of emergency?
Kitchen Area
Uses the appliances safely (particularly the stove)?
Forgets that food is cooking on the stove and burns pan and food?
Is there stale or expired food in the fridg or kitchen cabinets?
Maintains multiples of the same item (8 boxes of cereal, 5 jars of peanut butter)?
Social
Does your parent…
Get together with family, friends and neighbors?
Participate in religious activities and services?
Has an old hobby been abandoned?
Has a library card gone unused?
Does a family member or friend check in on a regular basis?
What procedures are established for fire, earthquake, hurricane, tornado, flood or other disasters? Does the parent understand the plan and where they should meet if there is a disaster?
Transportation
Can your parent…
Safely drive a car (or has been tested and determined to be a safe driver)?
Drive at night?
Drive the local streets instead of the highways and freeways?
Who is in charge of car maintenance and repair?
Does your parent…
Understand the warning lights on the dashboard—sufficient oil, gas, antifreeze, windshield-wiper fluid? Does parent know the meaning of these warning lights?
Use other modes of transportation in addition to a car—e.g, bus, taxi, family or friends who drive?
Have nicks or dents on the car?
Fasten seatbelt?
Avoid distractions while driving—e.g., avoids conversation, avoids listening to radio or CDs?
Show signs of dangerous driving: tailgating, drift from parent’s lane, drive below the speed limit, reacts slowly to lights or other cars, and mixes up gas and brake pedals?
Finances
Does the parent…
Maintains and balances check book?
Has a list of bank and investment accounts?
Has a list of assets and liabilities?
Are there piles of unopened bills and personal mail (such as greeting cards) scattered around the house?
Are there letters from banks, creditors, or insurers referring to overdue payments, overdrawn balances, or recent accidents?
Are there thank you messages from charities for donations that the person doesn’t remember making? (Is the charitable organization attempting to get another donation when the parent recently provided a donation?)
Magazines that the parent doesn’t remember ordering (perhaps the parent didn’t order and somebody was pulling a prank by mass ordering of magazines).
Has a tax professional that organizes and prepares tax info and forms?
Speech and Voice
Has your parent experienced a change in speech? What was the change?
Is your parent’s voice weak or strong?
Swallowing
Does your parent…
Frequently choke on water or solid foods?
Have a fear of choking?
Avoid taking medication because it’s too difficult to swallow?
Contacts
Does your parent…
Know who to call in case of emergency?
Know who to call if there are plumbing, heating, problems in the house?
Cognitive
Does your parent…
Frequently forget the same things over and over?
Frequently have trouble finding the right word (word-finding) in conversations?
Adapted from:
Caregivers and caregiving basics: Deciding when it’s time for home care
http://www.vnsny.org/caregivers/caregiving-basics/deciding-when-its-time-for-home-care/
and http://www.vnsny.org/caregivers/